由于智能制造是一個(gè)大概念,范式眾多,不利于形成統(tǒng)一的智能制造技術(shù)路線,給企業(yè)在推進(jìn)智能升級(jí)的實(shí)踐中造成了許多困擾。根據(jù)中國(guó)工程院的最新研究成果,綜合智能制造相關(guān)方式可以總結(jié)歸納和提升出三種智能制造的基本范式,也就是數(shù)字化制造、數(shù)字化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造,數(shù)字化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化智能化制造(即新一代智能制造),智能制造三個(gè)基本范式次第展開、迭代升級(jí)。一方面,三個(gè)基本范式體現(xiàn)著國(guó)際上智能制造發(fā)展歷程中三個(gè)階段,另一方面對(duì)中國(guó)而言,必須發(fā)揮后發(fā)優(yōu)勢(shì),采取三個(gè)基本范式"并行推進(jìn)、融合發(fā)展"的技術(shù)路線。
Because intelligent manufacturing is a big concept, many paradigms are not conducive to the formation of a unified intelligent manufacturing technology roadmap, which has caused a lot of trouble for enterprises in promoting the practice of intelligent upgrading. According to the latest research results Chinese Academy of engineering, intelligent manufacturing can be summed up and ascend out of the three basic models of intelligent manufacturing, which is digital digital manufacturing, network manufacturing, intelligent digital network manufacturing (i.e., a new generation of intelligent manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing) to upgrade the three basic paradigms, sequential expansion iterative. On the one hand, the three basic paradigms reflect the three stages of the development of Intelligent Manufacturing in the world. On the other hand, for China, we must play the advantage of backwardness and take the three basic paradigms "parallel propulsion and integration development".
具體到未來三年到五年之內(nèi),我國(guó)推進(jìn)智能制造的重點(diǎn)則是大規(guī)模地推廣和全面應(yīng)用數(shù)字化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造,即第二代智能制造。德國(guó)工業(yè)4.0和美國(guó)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)完善地闡述了這一階段的制造范式,也提出了實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)字化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造的技術(shù)路線。而真正能夠稱得上是新一代工業(yè)革命的,則是要到智能制造的第三階段,即數(shù)字化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化智能化制造。如果說數(shù)字化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造是新一輪工業(yè)革命的開始,那么新一代智能制造的突破和廣泛應(yīng)用將推動(dòng)形成這次工業(yè)革命的高潮,引領(lǐng)真正意義上的工業(yè)4.0,實(shí)現(xiàn)第四次工業(yè)革命。那么,新一代智能制造系統(tǒng)比第一代和第二代有什么進(jìn)步?最本質(zhì)的特征就是它的信息系統(tǒng)發(fā)生重大變化。增加了認(rèn)知和學(xué)習(xí)的功能,原來我們?cè)谏弦淮男畔⑾到y(tǒng)當(dāng)中,主要只有感知、分析和決策和控制的功能,現(xiàn)在增加了一個(gè)新的功能,就是認(rèn)知和學(xué)習(xí)功能,因此信息系統(tǒng)不僅具有強(qiáng)大的感知計(jì)算分析和控制能力,更加具備了學(xué)習(xí)提升和產(chǎn)生知識(shí)的能力。